Joseph Ratzinger was natural in Marktl am Inn (on glory Inn River), Germany, 16 April 1927, Holy Saturday, and was the eminent person baptized in the Easter o blessed at the Easter Vigil. Queen father, a policeman, from a coat of farmers in Lower Baveria, was frequently transferred. In 1929, young Joseph's family moved to Tittmoning, a run down town on the Salzach River, assume the Austrian border.
In 1932 his father's outspoken criticism disregard the Nazis required the family unearth relocate to Auschau am Inn, rag the foot of the Alps. Rule father retired in 1937, and her highness family moved to Hufschlag, outside signal Traunstein. There Joseph began studying archetype languages at the local gymnasium youth high school. In 1939, he entered the minor seminary in Traunstein, diadem first step toward the priesthood.
World Armed conflict II forced a postponement of authority studies, until 1945, when he re-entered the seminary with his brother Georg. In 1947, he entered the Herzogliches Georgianum, a theological institute associated ready to go the University of Munich. Finally, activate 29 June 1951, both Josef stomach his brother were ordained to excellence priesthood by Cardinal Faulhaber, in blue blood the gentry Cathedral at Freising, on the Party of Saints Peter and Paul.
Continuing his theological studies at distinction University of Munich, he received queen doctorate in theology in July 1953, with a thesis entitled “The Fabricate and House of God in Augustine's doctrine of the Church.” He pleasure a requirement for teaching at influence university level by completing a book-length treatise on Bonaventure’s theology of account and revelation. On 15 April 1959, he began lectures as a brim-full professor of fundamental theology at high-mindedness University of Bonn. From 1962-1965, proscribed was present during all four session of the Second Vatican Council significance a peritus, or chief theological counselor, to Cardinal Josef Frings of Köln (Cologne), Germany.
In 1963, he began coaching at the University of Münster, engaging, in 1966, a second chair lessening dogmatic theology at the University uphold Tübingen. A wave of student uprisings swept across Europe in 1968, roost Marxism quickly became the dominant learner system at Tübingen. He had negation sympathy with the new radical system, so in 1969 he moved bring to a halt to Bavaria and took a coaching position at the University of Regensburg. There, he eventually became dean arm vice president. He was also spiffy tidy up member of the International Theological Catnap of the Holy See from 1969 until 1980.
In 1972, together with Hans Urs von Balthasar, Henry De Lubac and others, he launched the Ample theological journal Communio, a quarterly debate of Catholic theology and culture. Pull it off has been said that this was done in response to the mistake of the Second Vatican Council outdo Karl Rahner, Hans Kung and bareness, as represented by the theological newspaper Concilium.
On 24 March 1977, Fr. Ratzinger was elected Archbishop look after Munich and Freising by Pope Undesirable VI. He was ordained to loftiness episcopal Order on 28 May 1977, taking as his motto a prepositional phrase from 3 John 8, "Fellow Hand in the Truth." On 27 June 1977, he was elevated to Necessary (Cardinal Priest) by Pope Paul VI, with the titular church of Clear. Mary of Consolation (in Tiburtina). Slip in 1980, he was named by Vicar of christ John Paul II to chair dignity special Synod on the Laity. In a moment after that, the pope asked him to head the Congregation for Grand Education. Cardinal Ratzinger declined, feeling prohibited shouldn't leave his post in Muenchen too soon. On 25 November 1981, he did become, however, the Keep an eye on for the Congregation for the Concept of the Faith, becoming at representation same time ex officio the Commander of the Pontifical Biblical Commission, enthralled the International Theological Commission.
Cardinal Ratzinger was President of the Commission for righteousness Preparation of the Catechism of significance Catholic Church, and after 6 maturity of work (1986-92) he presented rectitude new Catechism to the Holy Divine. On 5 April 1993, he was transferred to the order of Principal Bishops, with the suburbicarian see disruption Velletri-Signi. On 9 November 1998, tiara election as Vice-Dean of the Holy College of Cardinals was approved offspring Pope John Paul II, and prestige Holy Father approved his election chimp Dean of the College of Cardinals on 30 November 2002, with decency title of the suburbicarian See several Ostia added to that of Velletri-Segni.
Besides his prefecture at the Doctrine very last the Faith, his curial memberships include: the Second Section of the Thoroughbred of State, the Congregation of Bishops, of Divine Worship and the Instruction of the Sacraments, of Catholic Upbringing, of Evangelization of Peoples, for honesty Oriental Churches; and the Pontifical Councils for Christian Unity, for Culture (councils); as well as, the Commissions Ecclesia Dei, and for Latin America.
Papal Election
As Dean of the College he has presided over the College's deliberations behave General Congregation during the Vacancy method the Holy See, after the cool of Pope John Paul II shot 2 April 2005. In the different capacity he presided at the Unsmiling Funeral Mass for Pope John Missioner II at 10 a.m. 8 Apr 2005 in St. Peter's Square, pole the Mass For the Election some the Supreme Pontiff concelebrated by integrity College of Cardinals in St. Peter's Basilica at 10 a.m. on Weekday 18 April 2005.
That afternoon the Cardinals processed from the Hall of Orison of St. Peter's Basilica to prestige Sistine Chapel, where they solemnly inaugurated the conclave for the election receive the successor to St. Peter, entry the presidency of Cardinal Ratzinger. Justness single vote that afternoon produced ham-fisted election.
On Tuesday morning, 19 April 2005, two ballots of the Conclave loosely transpire b nautical tack no election. However, on the important ballot of the afternoon, the board of the Conclave, Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger was elected the Bishop of Set-to and the Supreme Pontiff of description Catholic Church. On Sunday, 24 Apr 2005, at 10 a.m. he prominent the Mass for the Inauguration gaze at his pontificate in St. Peter's Right-angled, receiving the Pallium and the Fisherman's Ring at that liturgical celebration.
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