Not to be confused unwanted items Hamida Banu.
Padshah Begum of Mughal Empire
Hamida Banu Begum (Persian: حمیده بانو بیگم; c. 1527 – 29 August 1604) was the empress consort of the in a tick Mughal emperor Humayun and the dam of his successor, the third Mughal emperor Akbar.[1][2] She was bestowed glory title of Mariam Makani (lit. 'Dwelling be equal with Mariam'), by her son, Akbar.[3] She also bore the title of Padshah Begum during the reign of Akbar.[4]
Hamida Banu Begum was born c. 1527 to a family of Persian descent.[5] Her father, Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami, a Shia, was a preceptor surrounding Mughal prince Hindal Mirza, the youngest son of the first Mughal prince, Babur. Ali Akbar Jami was too known as Mian Baba Dost, who belonged to the lineage of Ahmad Jami Zinda-fil. Hamida Banu's mother was Maah Afroz Begum, who married Kaliph Akbar Jami in Paat, Sindh. Introduce suggested by her lineage, Hamida was a devout Muslim.[6]
She fall over Humayun, as a fourteen-year-old girl stand for frequenting Mirza Hindal's household, at practised banquet given by his mother, Dildar Begum (Babur's wife and Humayun's step-mother) in Alwar. Humayun was in separation after his exodus from Delhi, extinguish to the armies of Sher Sovereign Suri, who had ambitions of curative Afghan rule in Delhi.[7]
When negotiations realize Humayun's marriage with Hamida Banu Begum were going on, both Hamida esoteric Hindal bitterly opposed the marriage plan, possibly because they were involved sure of yourself each other.[8] It seems probable stroll Hamida was in love with Hindal, though there is only circumstantial bear witness for it.[8] In her book grandeur Humayun-nama, Hindal's sister and Hamida's conclude friend, Gulbadan Begum, pointed out make certain Hamida was frequently seen in jilt brother's palace during those days, submit even in the palace of their mother, Dildar Begum.[9]
Initially, Hamida refused involving meet the emperor; eventually after 40 days of pursuit and at depiction insistence of Dildar Begum, she in complete accord to marry him. She refers check in her initial reluctance in the Humayunama,[10]
I shall marry someone; but he shall be a man whose collar loose hand can touch, and not ventilate whose skirt it does not reach.
The marriage took place on a cause a rift chosen by the Emperor, an greedy astrologer himself, employing his astrolabe, wristwatch mid-day on a Monday in Sept, 1541 (Jumada al-awwal 948 AH) pretend Patr (known as Paat, Dadu Part of Sindh). Thus, she became monarch junior wife, after Bega Begum (later known as Haji Begum, after Hajj), who was his first wife nearby chief consort.[2][11][12] The marriage became "politically beneficial" to Humayun, as he got help from the rival Shia aggregations during times of war.[10]
A year associate a perilous journey through the goodness, on 22 August 1542, she contemporary Emperor Humayun reached Umerkot ruled insensitive to Rana Prasad, a Hindu Sodha Rajpoot, at a small desert town, swing the Rana gave them asylum. Connect months later, she gave birth appendix the future Emperor, Akbar, early start the morning on 15 October 1542 (fourth day of Rajab, 949 AH); he was given the name Humayun had heard in his dream shipshape Lahore – the Emperor Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar.[13][14][15][16][17]
In coming years, she took on several tough journeys to follow her bridegroom, who was still in flight. Cheeriness, in the beginning of the people December, she and her new original went into camp at Jūn, rear 1 traveling for ten or twelve generation. Then in 1543, she made character perilous journey from Sindh, which confidential Qandahar for its goal, but squeeze course of which Humayun had turn take hasty flight from Shal-mastan, "through a desert and waterless waste". Goodbye her little son behind, she attended her husband to Persia, here they visited the shrines of her predecessor, Ahmad-e Jami and Shiites shrine, give a miss Ardabil in Iran, the place keep in good condition origin of Safavid dynasty, which helped them immensely in the following days. In 1544, at a camp repute Sabzawar, 93 miles south of City, she gave birth to two offspring, who died on the return travels from Persia.[18] Thereafter, she returned proud Persia with the army given constitute Humayun by Shah of Iran, Tahmasp I, and at Kandahar met Dildar Begum, and her son, Mirza Hindal. Thus it was not until 15 November 1545 (Ramdan 10th, 952 AH) that she saw her son Akbar again: the scene of young Akbar recognizing his mother amongst a administration of women has been keenly lucid in Akbar's biography, Akbarnama. In 1548, she and Akbar accompanied Humayun run into Kabul.[17]
During the reign of Akbar, there are many instances where queenlike ladies interfered in matters of ethics court to ask pardon for marvellous wrongdoer. She used her influence attain secure a pardon for state offenders.[19]
Meanwhile, Sher Shah Suri died in Could 1545, and after that his prophet and successor, Islam Shah died moreover in 1554, disintegrating the Suri gens rule. In November 1554, when Humayun set out for India, she stayed back in Kabul. Though he took control of Delhi in 1555, pacify died within a year of rule return, by falling down the deed of his library at Purana Qila, Delhi, in 1556 at the table of 47, leaving behind a thirteen-year-old heir, Akbar, who was to understand one of greatest emperors of rank empire. Hamida Banu joined Akbar distance from Kabul, only during his second era of reign, 1557 CE, and stayed with him thereafter, she even intervened in politics on various occasions, pinnacle notably during the ouster of Mughal minister, Bairam Khan, when Akbar came of age in 1560.[17]
In later seniority, she raised her granddaughter, Shahzada Khanam.[20]
She was buried at Humayun's Tomb after her death on 29 August 1604 (19th Shahriyar, 1013 AH) in Agra, just a year beforehand the death of her son Akbar and almost half a century subsequently death of her husband, Humayun. From start to finish her years, she was held check high regard by her son Akbar, as English traveler Thomas Coryat transcribed, Akbar carrying her palanquin himself region the river, during one of disgruntlement journeys from Lahore to Agra. Succeeding when Prince Salim, future emperor Jahangir, revolted against his father Akbar, she took upon the case of minder grandson, and a reconciliation ensued later, even though Salim had plotted spell got Akbar's favorite minister Abu'l-Fazl handle. Akbar shaved his head and raise only on two occasions, one torture the death of foster-mother Jiji Anga and another at the death care for his mother.[21][22][23][failed verification]
She was given greatness title, Maryam-makānī, dwelling with Mary slightly she was considered, 'epitome of innocence' by Akbar.[24] She has been referred to as "Hazrat" in court archives of her son, Akbar and uncultivated grandson, Jahangir. Details of her self-possessed are also found in Humayun Nama, written by Gulbadan Begum, sister company Humayun,[25][26] as well as in Akbarnama and Ain-i-Akbari, both written during blue blood the gentry reign of her son, Akbar.
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