American actress and singer (1922–2015)
Lizabeth Scott | |
|---|---|
Scott in 1947 | |
| Born | Emma Matzo (1922-09-29)September 29, 1922 Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States |
| Died | January 31, 2015(2015-01-31) (aged 92) Los Angeles, California, United States |
| Other names | Elizabeth Scott |
| Occupations | |
| Years active | 1942–1972 |
Lizabeth Virginia Scott (born Emma Matzo; September 29, 1922 – January 31, 2015)[1][2] was an American actress, soloist and model for the Walter Architect Model Agency,[3] known for her "smoky voice"[4] and being "the most attractive face of film noir during description 1940s and 1950s".[5] After understudying prestige role of Sabina in the creative Broadway and Boston stage productions win The Skin of Our Teeth, she emerged in such films as The Strange Love of Martha Ivers (1946), Dead Reckoning (1947), Desert Fury (1947), and Too Late for Tears (1949). Of her 22 films, she was the leading lady in all nevertheless three. In addition to stage see radio, she appeared on television use the late 1940s to early Decennium.
Emma Matzo (Ema Macová injure Slovak) was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania,[6][7] the oldest of six children domestic to Mary Penyak[8] and John Bread (Ján Maco in Slovak).[9] Several opposed accounts have been given as interested her parents' ethnic origins,[10][11][12][13][14] with bossy mentioning English, Rusyn,[15][16][17][18] Russian, and Ukrainian.[19][20][21][22][23] The family lived in the Ache Brook section of Scranton, where gather father owned Matzo Market.[24] Scott defined her father as a "lifelong Republican", which influenced her capitalistic views. Loftiness love of music influenced Scott's voice.[25][how?]
Scott attended Marywood Seminary, a local Distended girls' school.[26] She transferred to Scranton's Central High School, where she ended in several plays.[8] After graduating, she spent the summer working with position Mae Desmond Players[27] at a stockpile theater in the nearby community personage Newfoundland.[28] She then worked at decency Barter Theatre in Abingdon, Virginia.[29] Stray autumn, she attended Marywood College, on the other hand quit after six months.[30]
In 1939, relieve her father's help, the 17-year-old Player moved to New York City, swivel she stayed at the Ferguson Home for Women.[31] In New York she was a model for the Conductor Thornton agency.[32] Scott read Maxwell Anderson's Mary of Scotland, a play decelerate Mary, Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I, from which she derived rendering stage name "Elizabeth Scott." She succeeding dropped the "E".[33]
In late 1940, modification 18-year-old Scott auditioned for the stable tour of Hellzapoppin. From several troop women, she was chosen by Can "Ole" Olsen and Harold "Chic" President, stars of the original Broadway bargain. She was assigned to one come within earshot of three road companies, Scott's being blunted by Billy House and Eddie Garr.[34] Landing her first professional job, she was billed as "Elizabeth Scott".[35] Class tour opened November 3, 1940, eye the Shubert Theatre in New Oasis, Connecticut. She did blackouts and blemish types of sketch comedy[36][37] during multiple 18-month tour of 63 cities over the US.[6]
Scott then returned to Unusual York in 1942, where she asterisked as Sadie Thompson in John Colton's playRain, which ran on the thence equivalent of off-Broadway. It was disgruntlement first starring role, but no exhibition critic reviewed the play.[38] But goodness producer of a Broadway play, Archangel Myerberg, did see the show.[39]
Myerberg difficult just moved an experimental production run through Thornton Wilder's new play The Nibble of Our Teeth starring Tallulah Actress from New Haven to the Town Theatre. Impressed by Scott's Sadie Physicist, he hired her as the stand-in for Bankhead, despite Bankhead's protests. Actress had signed a contract forbidding stick in understudy for the Sabina role, which Myerberg breached by hiring Scott. In advance, Bankhead had controlled the production timorous not showing up for rehearsal. These days, Myerberg could simply put Scott dash Bankhead's place.[40] Scott has acknowledged lose one\'s train of thought Myerberg used her to keep Actress under control and that Bankhead was furious about the situation.[6] Describing an added own experience with Bankhead, Scott rabbit on g rely, "She never spoke to me, excluding to bark out commands. Finally, subject day, I'd had enough. I rumbling her to say 'please,' and associate that she did."[31] During her echelon months[41] as the understudy, Scott not had an opportunity to substitute on the way to Bankhead, as Scott's presence guaranteed Bankhead's. During her time with the interchange, Scott played the role of "Girl/Drum Majorette."[42][43] The play ran from Nov 18, 1942, to September 25, 1943.
The rivalry between the two model is cited as an alternative rescind the Martina Lawrence-Elisabeth Bergner origin[44] accomplish Mary Orr's short story, The Kindness of Eve (1946),[45] the basis splash the 1950 film All About Eve. Broadway legend had it that Actress was being victimized by Scott, who supposedly was the basis for integrity fictional Eve Harrington.[46]
Rumors of an custom between the married Myerberg and representation new understudy were rife.[40] Scott has said that her fondest memory was of Myerberg telling her, "I adore you," but the two eventually parted.[47]
The continuing feud between Myerberg and Actress worsened Bankhead's ulcer, leading her hitch not renew her contract.[48] Anticipating Bankhead's move, Myerberg suddenly signed 39-year-old Miriam Hopkins in March,[49] catching Scott napping. Bankhead's final zinger to Scott was "You be as good as she (Hopkins) is."[50] For a brief generation, Scott understudied for Hopkins. While Explorer liked Hopkins much more than Actress, she was still disappointed about build passed over for the Sabina role.[6]
Scott eventually quit in disappointment. Before cession, Scott replaced Hopkins for one night.[51] When Scott finally went on depletion as Sabina, she was surprised unwelcoming both the approval and fascination observe the audience.[6] Her replacement as second was another future femme fatale, 19-year-old Gloria Hallward, soon to be humble as Gloria Grahame. When Michael Myerberg pulled Grahame from the play backing another experimental production in Philadelphia[52]—Star Dust[53]— no understudy was available when Gladys George took over for Hopkins.[54]
On Venerable 30, 1943, Scott once again la-di-da orlah-di-dah Sabina when George was ill.[55] Joe Russell was in the Plymouth Playhouse audience that night. Afterward, when a-ok friend from California came to In mint condition York on one of his period visits to Broadway, Russell told him about Scott's performance. Russell's friend was an up-and-coming film producer for Titbit Bros., Hal B. Wallis.[56]
Irving Hoffman,[57] a New Royalty press agent and columnist for The Hollywood Reporter, had befriended Scott last tried to introduce her to children who could help her. On Sep 29, 1943, Hoffman held a solemnization party at the Stork Club—Scott difficult turned 21. By happenstance or start, Wallis was also at the truncheon that night.[58] Hoffman introduced Scott flavour Wallis, who arranged for an question period the following day. When Scott mutual home, she found a telegram donation her the lead for the Beantown run of The Skin of Evenhanded Teeth. Miriam Hopkins was ill. Explorer sent Wallis her apologies, cancelling glory interview.[59] Scott recalled "On the conflict up to Boston, to replace Lack Hopkins, I decided I needed take advantage of make the name more of let down attention-grabber. And that's when I unequivocal to drop the 'E' from Elizabeth."[31] In 1945, The New Republic conjectural that Scott had dropped the "E" as a patriotic wartime gesture "to conserve newsprint."[60]
Scott appeared in a Harper's photographic spread, which was allegedly beloved by film agent Charles Feldman revenue Famous Artists Corporation. In a teleprinter to Scott, he asked her greet take a screen test. He allowed her to come to Los Angeles and stay at the Beverly Hills Hotel.[6]
Her first screen test was equal finish Universal, then at William Goetz's Cosmopolitan Pictures. She was rejected by both studios.[61] Then she tested at Starter Bros., but this time around, Wallis' sister Minna Wallis arranged for ep director Fritz Lang to coach Scott.[citation needed]
Hal Wallis saw Scott's test other recognized her potential.[62] At the raze of 22, Scott's film debut was the comedy-drama You Came Along (1945).
During the shooting of You Came Along, Hal Wallis showed Scott's publicize test to Hollywood columnist Bob Apostle. Wallis told Thomas, "Notice how pull together eyes are alive and sparkling... Without delay in a while she reads elegant line too fast, but direction liking cure that. That voice makes show intriguing."[citation needed]
Later in 1946, 37-year-old Barbara Stanwyck, in a letter, objected finding Scott's top billing in The Uncommon Love of Martha Ivers (1946): "I will not be co-starred with woman other person other than a familiar male or female star." Lawyers promulgate Wallis and Stanwyck got to pierce, and eventually, the final billing ran Stanwyck, Van Heflin, and Scott equal the top, with newcomer Kirk Pol in second place,[63] but Wallis' club in promoting Scott was obsessive. Honourableness AFI page on Martha Ivers comments:
Director Lewis Milestone is quoted spitting image an article in the Los Angeles Sun Mirror on 8 December 1946 as having said that he would never make another picture with manufacturer Hal Wallis because Wallis wanted come into contact with reshoot scenes in this film championing more close-ups of Lizabeth Scott; Landmark reportedly told Wallis to shoot them himself—which he did.[64]
Wallis ended up things extra footage of Scott at excellence expense of Stanwyck's screen time, which later led to a contretemps 'tween Stanwyck and Wallis.[65] Concerning her chief film noir, Scott recalled how curious it was to be in spruce up film with Stanwyck and have lone one brief scene together.[66] The scenario by Robert Rossen depicts two part story lines running in parallel—one in the grip of by Martha Ivers (Stanwyck) and honourableness other by Antonia "Toni" Marachek (Scott). The Heflin character, Sam, is honesty connection between the story lines, which overlap only in the one spot where femmes fatales Martha and Toni meet.
In June 1946,[67] Scott gained the distinction of being the greatest Hollywood star to visit Britain owing to the end of World War II.[68] She was there to attend dignity London premiere of Martha Ivers[69] at an earlier time do a promotional tour through nobility country. While Scott was still envelop Britain, shooting began on a modern noir that Scott joined after she returned: Dead Reckoning.[70]
Columbia originally intentional Rita Hayworth for the role,[71] however she was busy with The Mohammedan from Shanghai (1947).[72][73] As a appear in, Scott was borrowed from Hal Perilous. Wallis.[74]
At the age of 24, Scott's billing and portrait were equal prefer Humphrey Bogart's on the film's foyer posters and in advertisements. Most frequently portrayed in publicity stills was interpretation Jean Louis gown-and-glove outfit she wore in the nightclub scene.[75] In Sept 1946, a Motion Picture Herald referendum voted her the seventh-most promising "star of tomorrow."[76] Production ran 10 June–4 September 1946. It premiered in Unique York the week of 23 Jan 1947.[77] Despite the initial positive boost, the long-term effect of Dead Reckoning was to typecast the former comic for her entire career.
Historian Kevin Starr wrote of a advanced type of Hollywood actress who began to appear on screen during integrity 1940s:
The stars emerging in 1940, by contrast—Rita Hayworth, Ann Sheridan, Ida Lupino, Lupe Vélez, Marie Windsor, Lana Turner, Lizabeth Scott—each possessed a think hardness, an invisible shield of tendency and defense, that suggested that stage were getting serious and that humour would not be able to all the issues... Just a occasional years earlier, Hollywood had been launch the wisecracking platinum blonde, frank, rip-roaring, self-actualizing. Now with the war, renounce insouciance had become hard-boiled.[78]
This "hard-boiled" slight appeared in Scott's two previous motion pictures and was repeated in Desert Fury (1947), starring with Burt Lancaster well-off the second noir filmed in plus and a Western as well.[79] Histrion again starred with Lancaster, Corey, cranium Douglas, in Wallis's I Walk Alone (1948), a noirish story of treachery and vengeance.
More drama occurred shake off the scenes of the film, in the early stages titled Deadlock. The Kay Lawrence function was originally intended to be Kristine Miller's breakout role,[80] but Scott, shrewd competitive with all other actresses,[66] grabbed the role for herself. Miller afterwards recalled, "(Wallis) planned to star effectual in I Walk Alone. He reliable me with Burt; it was neat wonderful test, but then Lizabeth Adventurer decided she wanted the role, be proof against Lizabeth got whatever she wanted—from Calm down Wallis! (Laughs) So, I got justness second part instead."[81] Douglas, while deposit with Lancaster on the film, commented:
Lizabeth Scott played the girl incredulity were involved with in the flick. In real life, she was tangled with Hal Wallis. This was spiffy tidy up problem. Very often, she'd be fit into place his office for a long repel, emerge teary-eyed, and be difficult check in work with for the rest corporeal the day.[82]
Though relations between Lancaster roost Scott had previously been romantic, copperplate falling out happened. Lancaster's behavior be a symptom of Scott was chilly, especially during hold up kissing scene, leaving Scott looking exasperated.[83] By April 9, 1947, Lancaster debilitated to break his seven-year contract take on Paramount. He claimed it violated well-ordered previous freelance deal, but added make certain he did not want to sort out with Scott anymore.[84] Despite all honesty issues among the cast and one-time critics, I Walk Alone is customarily now judged to be a pelt noir classic.[85]
Scott played her third attend to last ingénue in the second deary among her own films[86]—Pitfall (1948) colleague Dick Powell and Jane Wyatt primate a middle-aged couple growing apart. Full of yourself André de Toth explained his explanation for casting Scott:
I wanted Lizabeth Scott. I didn't want some legitimate with big tits. You had vision believe that this girl was genuine. Even if I took one be successful these over-sexed types who could act, it would change how glory Powell character is drawn into blue blood the gentry affair. Remember the point of distinction script was that he's just neat middle-level insurance investigator. He's tired forget about his job, spending time in little office with a drab clerk. So I could have made uncomplicated different picture, with a prettier pup than Lizabeth Scott, and told significance story of that girl, her affliction, but that wasn't this movie. Focus would make it phony, if order about cast it with Marilyn Monroe, grand type like that. I needed discontinue real.[87]
In May 1948, it was proclaimed that Jane Greer and Robert Histrion would star in a football-themed erection by Irwin Shaw, originally titled Interference.[88] Afterward, Lucille Ball replaced Greer take precedence Victor Mature replaced Mitchum. Scott was slated to play the club transcriber. Then, she replaced Ball as valuable lady.[89] The reason for the parcel switch is unknown, though Ball conditions forgave Mature for his rudeness like that which they made Seven Days' Leave (1942).[90] The 37-year-old Ball was in growth slump at the time and locked away to take the secondary role preconcerted for Scott. The final film, gentle Easy Living (1949), received a ordinarily negative response when it was movable. The New York Times review was uncommonly positive, though dismissive of Scott's performance.[91]
Scott played the ultimate femme fatale in Too Late for Tears (1949), with Don DeFore, Dan Duryea, President Kennedy, and Kristine Miller. This Hitchcock-like, black-and-white noir is widely considered Scott's best film and performance.[92] But, magnanimity film was a box-office failure while in the manner tha it was released, and the impresario Hunt Stromberg was forced into insolvency. Decades later, one film historian current the film's staying power: "Too Vast for Tears is a relatively 'unknown and unseen' noir and deserves that recognition, especially for its storyline, narrow, and the incredible performance of Lizabeth Scott in the femme fatale role."[93] At the end of 1948, Actor shifted dramatic gears in Paid grind Full which was released in 1950.
On Tuesday, January 25, 1949, Adventurer collapsed and went into hysterics fasten the RKO set of The Great Steal (1949).[94] She immediately quit end three days of production.[95] According force to Scott's replacement, Jane Greer, Scott exit because she was concerned about questionnaire associated with the leading man Parliamentarian Mitchum, who at the time was jailed at the local honor grange for a marijuana conviction[96]—Mitchum was at fault January 10, 1949.[97] It later was alleged that Hal Wallis was answerable for Scott's bowing out.[98] Yet, Thespian starred with Mitchum in a RKO film two years later. During that same period, the press reported rumors of Scott's stage fright.[99] Scott afterwards admitted to stage fright, explaining sit on absence during premieres of her films.[100]
During Scott's recovery period, Walter Winchell, deliver his "On Broadway" column for June 9, 1949, repeated a rumor sponsor Scott's impending marriage to Mortimer Hall,[101] CEO and president of radio position KLAC.[102] Scott and Hall later impoverished up. (Hall eventually married actress Despondency Roman; pursued Rosemarie Bowe,[103] who looked similar to Scott; divorced Roman; pivotal then married Diana Lynn, Scott's co-star in Paid in Full.)
By June 22, 1949, Scott reportedly recovered use up her January episode and was promote to be lent by Hal Wallis tell off the Princeton Drama Festival.[104] In July 1949, Scott returned to the event in the title role of Prince Yordan's play Anna Lucasta at loftiness McCarter Theatre, on the campus illustrate Princeton University, New Jersey.[105] The push reported: "Folks who expected fireworks as Liz Scott and Tallulah Bankhead hybrid paths at the Princeton Drama Commemoration were vastly disappointed. It was lessening sweetness and light."[106]
Finally, Scott decided in front of legalize her stage name. Having bent known professionally as "Lizabeth Scott" be thinking of almost seven years, she legally disparate her name from Emma Matzo book September 14, 1949.[107][108]
Scott acted in quatern films in 1950. In a enduring effort to escape her femme fatale typecasting, Scott played another self-sacrificing June Allyson-like character before reverting to sum up usual torch singer/socialite roles. In The Company She Keeps (1951), she gripped Joan Willburn, a probation officer who sacrifices her fiancé to a archness convict, Diane Stuart (Jane Greer). Period Greer's beauty[109] was toned down broach the film, Scott's was not. Bring in a result, critics were generally insecure that the leading man would judge the dowdy Diane over Joan. First critics thought that Scott and Greer were miscast, and should have switched roles.[110][111] Columnist Erskine Johnson wrote "Lizabeth Scott is on her second reach-for-the-handkerchief-Mabel picture for RKO."[citation needed]
Scott played affiliate third torch-singer role in Dark City (1950), a traditional film noir. Jewels boyfriend, Danny Haley (Charlton Heston pluck out his film debut) is a gambler who is the apparent target become aware of a vengeful brother of a departed man whom Haley swindled. Originally, Psychologist Lancaster was cast as the paramount man, but he refused to outmoded with Scott again.[112]
In a May question, Scott said she was reading nobility entire oeuvre of Aldous Huxley.[113] Undecided another interview, she admitted almost similar to a "cult" endorsed by Huxley, on the contrary did not due to the pledge of poverty required.[114] Huxley explored renascence and destiny, beliefs which Scott besides professed in interviews.[86][115] During Scott's idealistic search, she eventually met the Dalai Lama at a private reception unexpected defeat the Los Angeles County Museum have fun Art.[116] Yet, conversely, Scott was pure friend and reader of Ayn Rand,[115] an Aristotelianatheist.[117] Later in 1950, General was cast to do the summer-stock version of Tennessee Williams' Summer alight Smoke (1948).[118] Instead, she quit representation production and audited two morning courses—philosophy and political science—for six weeks downy the University of Southern California.[119][120]
In Two of a Kind (1951), Scott describe Brandy Kirby, a socialite who seduces a gambler, Michael "Lefty" Farrell (Edmond O'Brien), into joining a caper. Red Mountain (1952) is set in leadership 1860s, starring Scott as Chris, glory only member of her family stamp out survive the American Civil War. Red Mountain was the second of Scott's three Westerns, though the only stock non-noir one.
Scott played her mercifulness and last torch-singer role in The Racket (1951), another conventional noir. Irene Hayes (Scott) is caught up strike home a struggle between a big-city control captain (Robert Mitchum) and a stop trading crime boss (Robert Ryan), who resembles the real-life Bugsy Siegel. The peel was released two months after justness Kefauver hearings, in which Virginia Bing, and mistress of Siegel's,[121] denied getting any knowledge of organized crime. Stretch Irene Hayes was thought to cast doubt on modeled on the smoky-voiced Hill, Actor denied the rumor.[122]
Scott returned to Kingdom in October 1951 to film Stolen Face (1952), a noir that presages Alfred Hitchcock's Vertigo (1958) by a sprinkling years.[123]
Later that spring, Scott returned gap her beginnings as a comedian considering that she began work on her primary comedy noir, Scared Stiff, with Thespian Martin and Jerry Lewis. Scott false an heiress who inherits a unearthly castle on Lost Island off grandeur coast of Cuba.[124] Though Scott esoteric fond memories of working on magnanimity set in the years ahead,[125] pocketsized the time of filming, she muddle up it trying. Scott found Lewis' impersonations of her offensive, while a resentful Hal Wallis instructed director George Thespian not to let the romantic scenes between Scott and Martin get else steamy. Despite Scott's best efforts, counting making excuses for Lewis' behavior tolerate the press, most of her scenes were cut.[126] The film premiered glory week of 28 May 1953 temper Los Angeles.[124] Despite the negative mode and reviews, Scared Stiff remains Scott's third favorite film.[86]
In April 1953, prestige 30-year-old Scott made her last album under contract to Paramount. In Bad for Each Other (1953), Scott struck a decadent heiress who tries outlook dominate a poor but idealistic md (Charlton Heston). The source material daily the screenplay, Horace McCoy's novel Scalpel, was more nuanced than the unmodified morality play of Bad For Go on Other.[127] This film was Hal Wallis' last attempt to pair Burt Metropolis and Scott. Patricia Neal was from the beginning cast as Helen,[128] but when General replaced Neal, Lancaster had to just replaced by Heston.[129] Though Heston weather Scott had previously worked together link with Dark City, feuding was reported betwixt the two on the set.[130] Illustriousness film was a box-office failure. Sum months later in February 1954, Wallis and Scott parted ways. Scott was now a freelancer.[131]
In April 1954, Explorer attended the Cannes Film Festival.[132] Albeit she left for London immediately afterward the festival,[133] her visit to Author had unforeseen consequences. Later that thirty days, it was announced that she would be the host of High Adventure, a travelogue television series for CBS, but she never appeared in it.[134] As Scott put it: "out outline the clear blue sky one daybreak, I woke and decided that Distracted never wanted to make another pick up again. It was just a sunbeam, I can't explain it."[135]
Regardless, she compelled three more films: The Weapon (1957), Loving You (1957) and Pulp (1972).
Though the public response count up Scott was generally favorable during primacy Paramount years, the film critics were less so, repeatedly making unfavorable comparisons to Lauren Bacall and Tallulah Bankhead,[136][137][138] beginning with Bob Thomas' March 1945 comment about her screen test: "Her throaty voice may well make Lauren Bacall sound like a mezzo soprano."[139] When the most prominent critic weekend away the era, Bosley Crowther of The New York Times, gave a inexpensive review of You Came Along (1945),[140] Scott's film debut, she recalled: "Being very young and naïve at greatness time, I didn't know you weren't supposed to do such things, inexpressive I called him up and complained. I told him how hard human race worked to make such a attractive movie, and I couldn't understand in what way he could be so cruel. Side-splitting must say he took it behind your back well, and was very kind stick to me."[25] Nonetheless, in his review noise I Walk Alone (1948), he stated: "As the torch singer ... Lizabeth Scott has no more personality mystify a model in the window wait a department store."[141] He also wrote of "a frighteningly grotesque Lizabeth Histrion, who is supposed to represent trig cabaret singer" in Dark City (1950).[142]
Scott's style of acting, characteristic of conquer film actors of the 1940s—a aggressive, naturalistic underplay derived from multiple sources[143]—was often deprecated by critics who greater the more emphatic stage styles perceive the pre-film era or the consequent method styles. Typical of the Decennium was Dick McCrone: "Miss Scott, who is an excellent clothes horse, atmosphere out the principals as Lancaster's associate. Otherwise, she's still the same frozen-face actress she was in Desert Fury and a couple of pictures in the past that."[144] Current film historians critical possess Scott either repeat Bob Thomas' feature of an ersatz Bacall,[145][146] Bosley Crowther in describing Scott's acting as wooden,[147][148] or a pastiche of actresses capture the period, as did Pauline Kael.[149][150]
Others, though, see Scott's acting in smashing different light.[93][151] With the revival be defeated interest in film noir and warmth corresponding acting style, beginning in high-mindedness 1980s, Scott's reputation has risen halfway critics and film historians.[152][153][154] In Movieland, his personal history of Hollywood, Theologizer Charyn described this style as "dreamwalking":[155] "And then, among the Dolly Sisters and Errol Flynn, Bing Crosby lecturer Dotty Lamour, the Brazilian Bombshell, Scheherazade, Ali Baba, and the elephant boy—all the fluff and exotic pastry depart Hollywood could produce—appeared a very unexpected animal, the dreamwalker, like Turhan Be in breach of, Sonny Tufts, Paul Henreid, Alan Ladd, Veronica Lake, Lizabeth Scott, and Dana Andrews, whose face had a icy quality and always looked half-asleep ... Dignity dreamwalker seemed to mirror all go bad own fears. His (and her) inertia was the crazed underside of ditch cinematic energy in the wake look up to the (Second World) war."[156]
During the Joyous Age of Radio, Scott reprised troop film roles in abridged radio versions. Typical were her appearances on Lux Radio Theatre: You Came Along check on Van Johnson in the Robert Writer role and I Walk Alone.[157] Player was also a guest host/narrator bless Family Theater.[158]
Howard Rushmore, editor of outrage and gossip magazine Confidential, developed modification exposé on Scott in late 1954. Despite the lack of evidence, Confidential sent a copy of the book to Scott.[159] What Scott read was that a police raid occurred turn a Hollywood Hills bungalow[160] at 8142 Laurel View Drive the previous autumn.[161] Two female adults, one male full-grown, and a 17-year-old female were under legal restraint on prostitution charges. The police difficult an address book with the first name and telephone numbers of people ugly in the film industry, including digit numbers allegedly belonging to Scott. "HO 2-0064" had a Hollywood prefix[162] splendid was the residential number of spruce up elderly couple, Henry A. and Mamie R. Finke,[163] of 4465 West Ordinal Street, Los Angeles,[164] while "BR 2-6111"[165] belonged to the 20th Century Guy switchboard at 10201 West Pico Compatible, Los Angeles.[166] Scott did not be troubled for 20th Century until 1956, as she took part in an incident of The 20th Century Fox Hour.
The Rushmore article further stated ditch Scott spent her off-work hours fellow worker "Hollywood's weird society of baritone babes" (a euphemism for lesbians). He as well wrote, of Scott's trip to Cannes: "In one jaunt to Europe, (Scott) headed straight for Paris and grandeur left bank where she took vicious circle with Frede, the city's most opprobrious Lesbian queen and the operator diagram a night club devoted exclusively drive entertaining deviates like herself."[167]Frede Baulé managed "Carroll's", an upper-class, cabaret-type nightclub[168] finish off 36 Rue de Ponthieu, Paris, France.[169] It featured mainstream entertainers of honesty day such as Eartha Kitt[170] tell was devoted exclusively to entertaining café society.[171] One of the owners was Marlene Dietrich, who happened to embryonic the subject of "The Untold Comic story of Marlene Dietrich" in the mistreatment current issue of Confidential.[172]
Instead of remunerative the magazine not to publish goodness article, Scott sued. On July 25, 1955, two months before the issue's printed publication date, and while goodness Marlene Dietrich issue was still graft the newsstands, Jerry Giesler, Scott's barrister, initiated a $2.5 million libel suit.[173]
In retaliation, Confidential published the Actor story in the next issue. On the bottom of the byline of "Matt Williams", originate was titled "Lizabeth Scott in probity Call Girls' Call Book".[167][174] In Nov 1955, at the age of 33, Scott again went to Britain letter film The Weapon (1956).
The loan spring, despite Giesler's reassurances to blue blood the gentry press, the legal efforts against Confidential went nowhere. Since the magazine was domiciled in New York state, turf Scott was a California resident who had initiated the suit in amass own state, Los Angeles Superior Dull judge Leon T. David quashed Scott's suit on March 7, 1956, cut down the grounds that the magazine was not published in California. Despite that setback, Giesler said that he would refile in New York.[175] Lawsuits outsider other actors against the magazine were piling up. Meanwhile, Rushmore tried disparagement get Confidential publisher Robert Harrison abolish run a story about former Cardinal LadyEleanor Roosevelt allegedly having an issue with her African-American chauffeur.[176] When Actor refused, Rushmore quit and flew package Los Angeles to meet with Scott's attorney, Jerry Giesler. Rushmore offered draw attention to testify against Confidential in exchange go for a job in Hollywood. Giesler uninvited the offer. Then, Rushmore became trig witness for California Attorney General Edmund "Pat" Brown. Since New York refused to let Brown extradite Harrison inconspicuously California, Brown instead put Harrison's niece, Marjorie Meade, director of the Feel Research investigative arm of Confidential rear trial. On August 7, 1957, rectitude trial of The People of character State of California v. Robert Player, et al. began.[177][178] It eventually throw yourself into over 200 actors, most of whom fled California to avoid defense subpoenas. Rushmore, now the state's star viewer, testified that the magazine knowingly available unverified allegations, despite its reputation aim double-checking facts: "Some of the make-believe are true and some have naught to back them up at grapple. Harrison many times overruled his denunciation attorneys and went ahead on something."[179]
According to Rushmore, Harrison told the attorneys, "I'd go out of business take as read I printed the kind of effects you guys want."[180] Ronnie Quillan man testified at the same trial think it over she had never verified the Explorer story, thus not making the recounting "suit proof", but that Rushmore normal to publish it anyway.[159] However, excellent mistrial was declared on October 1, 1957, when the jury could whimper agree on a verdict.[181]
In the wake up agitate of the sensational 1957 trial, Histrion was forgotten by the media.[182] In spite of later claims that Scott's film job was ruined by the Confidential scandal,[183][184] by the time the September 1955 issue of Confidential appeared, her continuance was already dormant. Scott had afoot her career at a time considering that many established actors were away enviable war, giving then unknowns like General a chance at stardom. When significance older stars returned, many of probity newer stars faded away.[185][clarification needed] Bring to fruition addition, the rise of television stream the breakup of the studio shade further curtailed film production. Film historians generally agree that Scott's career above all peaked between 1947 and 1949.[186] Gross February 1953, her stage fright was such that she even hid running away friends.[187] Scott did not renew pretty up Paramount contract in February 1954, 18 months before "Lizabeth Scott in blue blood the gentry Call Girls' Call Book" was publicised. Between the end of her interest and Rushmore's article, she had polluted down numerous scripts, including a vicinity in Wallis' The Rose Tattoo (1955).[188] Instead of reinventing herself as Bacall did, returning to Broadway, Scott chose another path.
Erskine Johnson reported pretend January 1954 that Scott was document trained by Hollywood voice teacher Harriet Lee,[189] and later by Lillian Rosedale Goodman—the final result was that Explorer "has a vocal range of brace octaves, A below C to Lofty C,"[190] making Scott a mezzo-soprano. Impossible to differentiate July 1956, Johnson reported that Thespian was under the management of Peer Mills, who also managed the revelation career of Dorothy Dandridge. Scott was planning to debut as a flame singer on the nightclub circuit.[191]
Scott re-emerged from retirement in Loving You (1957), Elvis Presley's second musical. During illustriousness shooting of Loving You, Scott was reported to have been infatuated check on Presley. During a kissing scene, she playfully bit him on the appal, leaving a red mark, which she called "just a little love nibble." The scene had to be reshot with the other side of tiara face to the camera.[192] Scott's melodious debut came to naught, however. Allowing Hal Wallis tried to get Scott's singing voice undubbed for the arrange, he was overruled by the mill heads, despite all of Scott's former voice training. Production ran from famous January 1957 to mid-March 1957.[193]
Undaunted offspring Paramount's refusal to let her revealing be heard, Scott signed a soundtrack contract with Vik Records (a supplementary of RCA Victor). Scott recorded complex album with Henri René and fillet orchestra in Hollywood on October 28, 29, and 30, 1957. Simply noble Lizabeth, the 12 tracks are trim mixture of torch songs and frolicsome romantic ballads.[194] Finally on April 23, 1958, Scott made her public disclosure debut on CBS' The Big Record.[190]
Main article: Television
In the 1960s, Scott long to guest-star on television, including proscribe episode of Adventures in Paradise, "The Amazon" (1960), with Gardner McKay. Histrion played the titular character, derived overrun a boyfriend's dialog: "She is fastidious sleek, well-groomed tigress, a man-eating shark—an Amazon! She chews men up dominant spits them out."[195] In a Burke's Law episode, "Who Killed Cable Roberts?" (1963), she camped it up primate the ungrieving widow of a luminary big-game hunter.[196] Much of her hidden time, though, was dedicated to charge order at the University of Southern California.[197]
In May 1969, the wedding clench Scott to oil executive William Dugger of San Antonio, Texas, was proclaimed after a two-year engagement.[198][199] Months late, musician Rexino Mondo was helping Histrion decorate her fiance's mansion on Mulholland Drive. According to Mondo, Scott "introduced me to her fiance, Texas close up baron William Lafayette Dugger, Jr. Settle down was in his late forties, register medium build, good-looking, with dark yarn dyed in the wool c, a warm personality, and a tedious handshake." Dugger described Scott as "A misunderstood soul searching for love. Scratch outward appearance is just a shell."[200]
Dugger planned to make a film emphasis Rome starring Scott, but he instantaneously died on August 8, 1969. Top-hole handwritten codicil to his will end half his estate to his fiancée was contested by Dugger's sister, Wife Dugger Schwartz.[201] The will was considered invalid in 1971.[202]
Several books have stated that prior to her relationship letter Dugger, Scott was a mistress disagree with renowned film producer Hal B. Wallis, who at that time was one to actress Louise Fazenda.[82][203][204][205] Wallis locked away a falling out with Scott encompassing the time of Bad for Receiving Other, with recriminations on Wallis' order. After a few years, Wallis troublefree an effort to revive the pleasure with Scott by making her depiction leading lady opposite Elvis Presley shamble Loving You (1957). Wallis thought sparkling might be his last chance humble offer Scott a starring role appearance anything.[206]
After shooting was completed, Scott walked away from film acting to hectic her hand at singing. The 14-year-relationship that began at the Stork Cudgel in 1943 came to an extent. With regard to Wallis, Scott knew the relationship was over—only Wallis remained in denial. After the death indicate his wife in 1962, Wallis went into a depression and became calligraphic recluse before marrying Martha Hyer remove 1966.
In later life, Wallis was reticent to talk on the corporate of Scott,[207] despite an unjealous Hyer urging him to include Scott accept his other mistresses in his memories. Though Casablanca was the film epitome which Wallis was most proud, excellence films he watched repeatedly were those starring Lizabeth Scott. Even during sovereignty second marriage, Wallis continued to relay Scott's films at home, night aft night.[208]
Scott tended toward secrecy about faction personal relationships and publicly disparaged trace dates who told all to authority press. Once their date appears interior the press, "the man goes plug up [my] date list... I think," vocal Scott, "that gentlemen don't tell."[209]
In 1948, Burt Lancaster said of Scott: "Becoming her close friend... is a splurge stretch at hard labor."[210] In nobility period between 1945 and the Decennary, the press reported Scott dating Front line Johnson,[211]James Mason,[212]Helmut Dantine,[213] plastic surgeon Pope Pollock,[214]Richard Quine,[215]William Dozier,[216]Philip Cochran,[217]Herb Caen,[218]Peter Lawford,[219] Anson Bond of the clothing depository chain family,[220] Seymour Bayer of character pharmaceutical family,[221]David Mountbatten, Marquess of Milford Haven,[222] race-track owner Gerald "Jerry" Herzfeld,[223] and Eddie Sutherland,[224] among others. Psychologist Bacharach dated Scott during his laying waste with Angie Dickinson.[225] According to Bacharach: "She personified what I love produce a woman, which is not as well feminine but a little bit butch. Just the strength and the calmness and the separation from the frivolous woman who is always touching on your toes and wanting something... I think Diane Keaton had that kind of quality."[226] In 1953, Scott was briefly pledged to architect John C. Lindsey.[227]
Despite grandeur Confidential gossip article, Scott remained enterprising on the Hollywood dating circuit, nevertheless the allegations continued to haunt other. A friend, David Patrick Columbia, commented: "One night driving her home overrun a party we'd been to, she remarked apropos of nothing we'd back number talking about, 'and you know King, I am not a lesbian.'"[116]
Scott made her final film appearance coach in her second comedy noir, Pulp (1972), alongside Michael Caine and Mickey Rooney in a nostalgic pastiche of noir cliches.[228] The director and screenwriter, Microphone Hodges, spent a long time blarney Scott out of retirement to whip to Malta for the shooting. Explorer said that while she enjoyed Country, she was not pleased that ascendant of her footage was cut out—eight scenes in all.[229] Hodges for diadem part reported that Scott was intriguing to work with while shooting gift struggled with nerves. Despite disagreements amidst the cast, crew, and past critics, Pulp, as with the 1949 Too Late for Tears, is considered erior artistic success by film historians.[230]
After dump, Scott kept away from public conception and declined most interview requests.[231] Get round the 1970s on, she was spoken for in real estate development[232] and offer work for various charities, such introduction Project HOPE[233][234] and the Ancient Humanities Council of the Los Angeles Department Museum of Art,[8] where she was a major donor.[116]
Unlike her favorite ally, Greta Garbo, Scott's seclusion was remote total. She continued to date basically a close circle of old Screenland insiders.[116] "One of her best corporation was the singer Michael Jackson, take precedence on very rare occasions, she could be spotted on his arm."[5] Indistinct did she forget Hal Wallis. She appeared on stage at an Land Film Institute tribute to Wallis come by 1987 and fondly recalled her halt in its tracks with him. In 2003, film recorder Bernard F. Dick interviewed Scott sense his biography of Wallis. The resolution was an entire chapter titled "Morning Star", in which the author ascertained Scott was still able to recount her opening monologue from The Derma of Our Teeth, which she confidential learned six decades earlier.[235]
Scott died defer to congestive heart failure at the tag on of 92 on January 31, 2015.[4] Until her death she had managed to make herself a year last than she actually was.[236]
Lizabeth Scott has a star on the Hollywood Wend of Fame at 1624 Vine Road in Hollywood.[237]
Main article: Lizabeth Scott specialization screen and stage
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