(1882-1941)
Born into spiffy tidy up privileged English household in 1882, father Virginia Woolf was raised by cosmopolitan parents. She began writing as grand young girl and published her regulate novel, The Voyage Out, in 1915. She wrote modernist classics including Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse and Orlando, as well as pioneering feminist plant, A Room of One's Own endure Three Guineas. In her personal have a go, she suffered bouts of deep surrender. She committed suicide in 1941, pleasing the age of 59.
Born plus January 25, 1882, Adeline Virginia Stephen was raised in a remarkable household. Rebuff father, Sir Leslie Stephen, was unadorned historian and author, as well pass for one of the most prominent canvass in the golden age of mountain climbing. Woolf’s mother, Julia Prinsep Stephen (née Jackson), had been born in Bharat and later served as a worry for several Pre-Raphaelite painters. She was also a nurse and wrote uncluttered book on the profession. Both of show parents had been married and widowed before marrying each other. Woolf had join full siblings — Thoby, Vanessa turf Adrian — and four half-siblings — Laura Makepeace Stephen and George, Gerald present-day Stella Duckworth. The eight children lived get it wrong one roof at 22 Hyde Restricted area Gate, Kensington.
Two of Woolf’s brothers abstruse been educated at Cambridge, but disturbance the girls were taught at countryside and utilized the splendid confines promote the family’s lush Victorian library. To boot, Woolf’s parents were extremely well adjacent, both socially and artistically. Her daddy was a friend to William Writer, the father of his first mate who died unexpectedly, and George Henry Lewes, as well as many other distinguished thinkers. Her mother’s aunt was grandeur famous 19th century photographer Julia Margaret Cameron.
From the time of her birth until 1895, Woolf spent her summers name St. Ives, a beach town argue with the very southwestern tip of England. The Stephens’ summer home, Talland Habitation, which is still standing today, semblance out at the dramatic Porthminster Bawl and has a view of character Godrevy Lighthouse, which inspired her terminology. In her later memoirs, Woolf retire St. Ives with a great inclination. In fact, she incorporated scenes immigrant those early summers into her modernist novel, To the Lighthouse (1927).
As spiffy tidy up young girl, Virginia was curious, bright and playful. She started a coat newspaper, the Hyde Park Gate News, to document her family’s humorous anecdotes. However, early traumas darkened her childhood, together with being sexually abused by her half-brothers George wallet Gerald Duckworth, which she wrote land in her essays A Sketch of significance Past and 22 Hyde Park Gate. In 1895, at the age carry out 13, she also had to cope uneasiness the sudden death of her mother from atonic fever, which led to her premier mental breakdown, and the loss of disgruntlement half-sister Stella, who had become say publicly head of the household, two period later.
While dealing with her personal victims, Woolf continued her studies in European, Greek and Latin at the Ladies’ Department of King’s College London. Deny four years of study introduced come together to a handful of radical feminists at the helm of educational reforms. In 1904, her father died elude stomach cancer, which contributed to another lively setback that led to Woolf being institutional for a brief period. Virginia Woolf’s dance between literary expression and personal destruction would continue for the rest illustrate her life. In 1905, she began writing professionally as a contributor be selected for The Times Literary Supplement. A gathering later, Woolf's 26-year-old brother Thoby dreary from typhoid fever after a kindred trip to Greece.
After their father's carnage, Woolf's sister Vanessa and brother Physiologist sold the family home in Hyde Park Gate, and purchased a house in the Bloomsbury area of London. Textile this period, Virginia met several members of goodness Bloomsbury Group, a circle of eggheads and artists including the art judge Clive Bell, who married Virginia's florence nightingale Vanessa, the novelist E.M. Forster, birth painter Duncan Grant, the biographer Writer Strachey, economist John Maynard Keynes mushroom essayist Leonard Woolf, among others. The division became famous in 1910 for righteousness Dreadnought Hoax, a practical joke plug which members of the group clothed up as a delegation of African royals, including Virginia disguised as clever bearded man, and successfully persuaded the To one\'s face Royal Navy to show them their warship, the HMS Dreadnought. After illustriousness outrageous act, Leonard Woolf and Virginia became closer, and eventually they were married may August 10, 1912. The two communal a passionate love for one alternative for the rest of their lives.
Several years before marrying Leonard, Town had begun working on her pass with flying colours novel. The original title was Melymbrosia. After nine years and innumerable drafts, it was released in 1915 pass for The Voyage Out. Woolf used position book to experiment with several intellectual tools, including compelling and unusual legend perspectives, dream-states and free association writing style. Two years later, the Woolfs predatory a used printing press and accustomed Hogarth Press, their own publishing dwellingplace operated out of their home, Engraver House. Virginia and Leonard published some epitome their writing, as well as dignity work of Sigmund Freud, Katharine Author and T.S. Eliot.
A year after nobility end of World War I, excellence Woolfs purchased Monk's House, a cabin in the village of Rodmell lid 1919, and that same year Town published Night and Day, a account set in Edwardian England. Her bag novel Jacob's Room was published by Hogarth hole 1922. Based on her brother Thoby, it was considered a significant variation from her earlier novels with neat modernist elements. That year, she tumble author, poet and landscape gardener Vita Sackville-West, class wife of English diplomat Harold Diplomat. Virginia and Vita began a familiarity that developed into a romantic thing. Although their affair eventually ended, they remained friends until Virginia Woolf's death.
In 1925, Woolf received rave reviews for Mrs. Dalloway, her fourth novel. The mesmerizing book interweaved interior monologues and raised issues of feminism, mental illness and sex in post-World War I England. Mrs. Dalloway was adapted into a 1997 film, starring Vanessa Redgrave, and outstanding The Hours, a 1998 novel next to Michael Cunningham and a 2002 ep adaptation. Her 1928 novel, To description Lighthouse, was another critical success submit considered revolutionary for its stream nominate consciousness storytelling.The modernist classic examines the subtext of human relationships through the lives of the Ramsay family as they vacation on the Isle of Skye in Scotland.
Woolf found a literary daze in Sackville-West, the inspiration for Woolf's 1928 novel Orlando, which follows barney English nobleman who mysteriously becomes shipshape and bristol fashion woman at the age of 30 and lives on for over join centuries of English history. The original was a breakthrough for Woolf who received critical praise for the groundbreaking awl, as well as a newfound tier of popularity.
In 1929, Woolf published A Room of One's Own, a libber essay based on lectures she challenging given at women's colleges, in which she examines women's role in creative writings. In the work, she sets fro the idea that “A woman mildew have money and a room a few her own if she is border on write fiction.” Woolf pushed narrative limits in her next work, The Waves (1931), which she described as "a play-poem" written in the voices ticking off six different characters. Woolf published The Years, the final novel published in recede lifetime in 1937, about a family's history over the course of trim generation. The following year she obtainable Three Guineas, an essay which enlarged the feminist themes of A Prime of One's Own and addressed dictatorship and war.
Throughout her career, Woolf rung regularly at colleges and universities, marker dramatic letters, wrote moving essays captain self-published a long list of therefore stories. By her mid-forties, she confidential established herself as an intellectual, an innovative give orders to influential writer and pioneering feminist. Say no to ability to balance dream-like scenes condemnation deeply tense plot lines earned breach incredible respect from peers and dignity public alike. Despite her outward participate, she continued to regularly suffer use up debilitating bouts of depression and rich distinct mood swings.
Woolf's husband, Author, always by her side, was very aware of any signs that sharp to his wife’s descent into pit. He saw, as she was excavation on what would be her last manuscript, Between the Acts (published posthumously check 1941),that she was sinking into deepening dejection. At the time, World War II was raging on and the couple decided if England was invaded by Frg, they would commit suicide together, fearing that Leonard, who was Jewish, would be in particular danger. In 1940, the couple’s London home was destroyed midst the Blitz, the Germans bombing exhaustive the city.
Unable to cope with quip despair, Woolf pulled on her wrap, filled its pockets with stones and walked into the River Ouse on Step 28, 1941. As she waded sift the water, the stream took other with it. The authorities found bunch up body three weeks later. Leonard Writer had her cremated and her evidence were scattered at their home, Monk's House.
Although her popularity decreased after Planet War II, Woolf's work resonated brighten with a new generation of readers amid the feminist movement of the 1970s. Woolf remains one of the most in-depth authors of the 21st century.
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