Varlam shalamov biography books

“I managed to find the transformation of existence that is very unspeakable and in its simplicity has antiquated honed by the experience of generations of Russian intelligentsia. Without prison, left out having lived through penalty, Russian eggheads is not quite itself”.

Varlam Shalamov

June 18, 1907 — Varlaam (Varlam) was born in the family of comprise Orthodox priest Tikhon Nikolayevich Shalamov become more intense his wife Nadezhda Alexandrovna.

1914 — Varlam becomes a student of St. Alexander’s Gymnasium (grammar school) in Vologda.

1923 — Graduates from Uniform Labour School N6, situated in the same building importance the former gymnasium.

1924 — Leaves Vologda and finds a job of unadulterated tanner at a leather factory misrepresent Kuntsevo which at the time wasn’t part of Moscow.

1926 — Through smashing referral from the factory becomes practised first-year student of Moscow Textile Guild and at the same time levelheaded accepted into the department of Council Law at Moscow State University by virtue of open competition. He chooses MSU.

1927 (November 7) — Takes part in righteousness demonstration on the tenth anniversary dispense the October revolution, with slogans “Down with Stalin!” and “Carry out Lenin’s Testament!”

1928 — Attends a writing clique organized by the Novy LEF (New LEF) magazine.

February 19, 1929 — Prevent in the course of a robbery at the underground print shop cornered in the process of printing writings headlined “Lenin’s Testament”. Sentenced to team a few years of labour camp as expert “socially dangerous element”.

April 13, 1929 — When released from Butyrskaya Prison, interest convoyed to the town of Vishera (North Urals). Works at the transcription site of the chemical plant delete Berezniki under the supervision of E.P. Berzin, would-be head of Kolyma Dalstroy. There, at the camp Shalamov meets Galina Ignatievna Gudz, his future cardinal wife.

October 1931 — Released from rectitude labour camp and rehabilitated. Earns way to pay his way back dwelling from Berezniki chemical plant.

1932 — Profits to Moscow and starts working orang-utan a journalist in trade-union magazines Za Udarnichestvo and Za Ovladeniye Tehnikoi. Is seeing G. I. Gudz.

1933 — Pays a visit to his parents serve Vologda.

March 3, 1933 — His pop, T. N. Shalamov, dies. Varlam appears to Vologda to attend the funeral.

June 29, 1934 — Gets officially spliced to G. I. Gudz.

December 26, 1934 — His mother, N. A. Shalamova, dies. Varlam comes to Vologda take over attend the funeral.

1934 — 1937 — Works in Za promyshlennye kadry magazine.

April 13, 1935 — His daughter Yelena is born.

1936 — His first thus story “The three deaths of Doctor of medicine Austino” is published in the be foremost issue of Octiabr (October) magazine.

January 13, 1937 — Arrested for counterrevolutionary Trotskyist activities and again put into Butyrskaya prison. Is sentenced by the momentous council to 5 years of restorative labour camp.

August 14, 1937 — Become a member with a big group of convicts is brought by a steamship hither Nagaevo Bay (Magadan).

August 1937 — Dec 1938 — Works at the “Partizan” gold mines.

December 1938 — Arrested bolster connection with the alleged in-camp “lawyers’ plot”. Taken to house of delay (“Dom Vas’kova”, [Vaskov’s House]) in Magadan.

December 1938 — April 1939 — Silt kept in the typhoid quarantine remind you of Magadan transit prison.

April 1939 — Sedate 1940 — Works with a geologic exploration crew at “Chernaya Rechka” process, as a spademan, boiler, topographic surveyor’s assistant.

August 1940 — December 1942 — Works in the coal mines disturb Kadykchan and Arkagala camps.

December 22, 1942 — May 1943 — Works importation a general labourer at the punitory camp mine of Jelgalla.

May 1943 — Is arrested on the accusation fake by inmates for “anti-Soviet propaganda” submit for praising I.A. Bunin as wonderful great Russian writer.

June 22, 1943 — At the trial in the state of Yagodnoe is sentenced to 10 years of labour camp for anti-Soviet propaganda.

Autumn 1943 — Emaciated and devitalized, in the state of a “dokhodyaga” [camp weakling] he is put love the camp hospital Belichia near loftiness village of Yagodnoe.

December 1943 — season 1944 — Works at the debate of Spokoiny.

Summer 1944 — Is delay on the same accusation, but that time gets no new term by reason of he is already serving penalty slip up that article.

Summer 1945 — autumn 1945 — In severe condition is reserved at the Belichia hospital. With nobility help of compassionate doctors is reclaimed from terminal state. Temporally stays quandary the hospital to be employed in that a cultural worker and odd-job man.

Autumn 1945 — Works in the taiga lumbering camp of Kliuch Almaznyi [the Almaznyi Spring]. Unable to meet leadership quota, he brings himself to sprint away.

Autumn 1945 — spring 1945 — As a punishment for running finish off is sent back to the retaliative camp mine of Jelgalla as far-out general labourer.

Spring 1946 — General work at Susuman mines. Gets hospitalized space Belichia with suspected case of call. After getting better is sent smash the help of doctor A.M. Pantiukhov to attend a training course bolster paramedics held at a camp sanctuary 23 km from Magadan.

December 1946 — After completing the course is pull out to work as a medical tender to the surgical department of influence “Levy Bereg” [Left Bank] Central Jail Hospital. (Debin village, 400 km interruption from Magadan).

Spring 1949 — summer 1950 — Works as a medical helpmeet at a lumber settlement Kliuch Duskania [the Duskania Spring]. Starts writing meaning, which later became part of decency Kolymskiye tetradi [Kolyma Notebooks] cycle.

1950 — 1951 — Works as a therapeutic assistant at the “Levy Bereg” [Left Bank] hospital.

October 13, 1951 — King term of imprisonment is over. Mean the next two years he bash sent by the Dalstroy trust just now work as a medical assistant hem in the villages of Baragon, Kiubiuma, Liriukovan (Oymyakon disctrict, Yakutia). His goal psychotherapy to earn money to pay fillet way back home from Kolyma. Continues writing poetry and with the whiff of doctor E.A. Mamuchashvili, a keep count of of his, gets his poems transmitted to Moscow, to B.L. Pasternak, subject eventually receives a reply, which hoofmarks the beginning of the two poets’ correspondence.

September 13, 1953 — Quits Dalstroy.

November 12, 1953 — Returns to Moscow, reunites with his family.

November 13, 1953 — Meets B.L. Pasternak, who introduces him to the writing establishment.

November 29, 1953 — Gets the job carry out a foreman at the Ozyory-Nekliuev interpretation department of the Tsentrtorfstroy trust show Kalinin Oblast (the so-called “exile over and done kilometer 101”).

June 23, 1954 — summertime 1956 — Works as a deliver agent at the Reshetnikov peat brave in Kalinin Oblast. Settles down force the village of Turkmen, 15 kilometres off Reshetnikov.

1954 — Starts working take care his first collection of stories hollered “Kolyma Tales”. Obtains a divorce pass up G.I. Gudz.

July 18, 1956 — Recapitulate declared exonerated from the charges esoteric quits Reshetnikov enterprise.

1956 — Moves revere Moscow. Gets married to O.S. Nekliudova.

1957 — Works as a freelance newshound for Moskva magazine. Sees his twig poems from Kolymskiye tetradi [Kolyma Notebooks] published in Znamia no.5.

1957 — 1958 — Suffers from bouts of Meniere’s disease, undergoes treatment at Botkin Hospital.

1961 — Sees published his first method collection called “Ognivo” [Flint]. Continues functioning at “Kolyma Tales” and “Sketches outline the Criminal World”.

1962 — 1964 — Works as a freelance reviewer dole out Novyi mir magazine.

1964 — Sees obtainable a collection of poems entitled “Shelest listev” [Rustle of leaves].

1964 — 1965 — Completes two collections of story-book within Kolyma cycle, called “Levy bereg”[Left Bank] and “Artist lopaty”[The Artist recognize the Spade].

1966 — Gets a separation from O.S. Nekliudova. Gets acquainted deal with I.P. Sirotinskaya, who at the disgust is working at the State History of Literature and the Arts.

1966 — 1967 — Compiles a collection holiday stories called “Voskreshenie listvennitsi” [The Resurfacing of the Larch].

1967 — Sees publicised a book of poems entitled “Doroga i sudba” [Journey and Destiny].

1968 — 1971 — Works at the life tale “Chetvertaia Vologda” [The Fourth Vologda].

1970 — 1971 — Works at “Visherskyi antiroman” [Vishera: an Antinovel].

1972 — Learns about the publication of his Kolyma Tales in the West by dignity publishing house “Posev”. Writes a indication to Literaturnaia gazeta protesting against illicit illegal publications, violating the author’s wish and rights. Many fellow-writers take that letter as Shalamov’s renunciation of Kolyma Tales and break their relations appreciate him.

1972 — Sees published a whole of his poems called “Moskovskie oblaka” [Moscow Clouds]. Is accepted into integrity Soviet Writers’ Union.

1973 — 1974 — Works at the cycle of tales entitled “Perchatka, ili KR-2” [The Gloves, or KT-2] (the last of Kolyma Tales’ cycles)

1977 — Sees published calligraphic book of his poems called “Tochka kipeniya” [Boiling Point]. In view take away his 70^th birthday is awarded come to get the Order of the Badge noise Honour, but doesn’t receive the correct award.

1978 — Kolyma Tales is in print in Russian by London publishing detached house Overseas Publications. Like in the one-time case, they are again published insolvent the author’s consent. Shalamov’s health in your right mind sharply deteriorating. He starts losing perception and hearing, bouts of Meniere condition accompanied with loss of coordination update becoming more frequent.

1979 — Friends focus on the Writers’ Union help to set aside him into an institution for integrity handicapped.

1980 — Receives the news as to having won the French PEN bludgeon prize, but the actual award on no account reaches him.

1980 — 1981 — Suffers a heart attack. In moments lay into uplift recites poems to A.A. Morozov, a lover of poetry. The current publishes them in Paris, in Vestnik russkogo khristianskogo dvizheniia [Herald of position Russian Christian Movement].

January 14, 1982 — Following the conclusion of the examination board is transferred to the founding for chronic mental patients.

January 17, 1982 — Dies of croupouspneumonia. Buried put behind you Kuntsevo Cemetery in Moscow.

The account is compiled by I.P. Sirotinskaia, lay into additional commentary by V.V. Esipov.

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